nomadclinic.blogg.se - Low hematocrit and hemoglobin and nutritional deficit

Also, find the abnormal white cells and the assessment of the platelets.In this case, blood indices may be normal. There is a dimorphic picture in a mixed deficiency of iron, vitamin B12, or folate there are microcytes and macrocytes.This will inform the abnormality of the RBC shape, size, and any kind of inclusions.It can help to guide the response to iron depletion therapy.It can detect iron overload and monitor iron accumulation.It is used to study the population’s iron level and response to iron supplements.It monitors the iron status in patients with chronic kidney diseases with or without dialysis.It differentiates iron deficiency from chronic diseases.

It will give an idea about the iron-deficiency anemia treatment effectiveness.It will predict and monitor iron deficiency.It correlates with total body iron stores.It differentiates iron deficiency or excess.It correlates with the total body iron stores.Ferritin: Serum ferritin (normal = 20 to 250 ng/dL).This helps in the screening of hereditary spherocytosis.This is used for the D/D of the anemias.Calculation of the % transferrin saturation = Serum iron ÷ TIBC x 100 = Transferrin normally 33% is saturated.Percent transferrin saturation (normal % transferrin saturation = 20% to 50%).Transferrin: Serum Transferrin level is needed for the D/D of the anemia.It should be done along with serum iron to evaluate the % saturation for the diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia.It helps in the differential diagnosis of anemias.Total iron-binding capacity (TIBC = Normal = 250 to 450 µg/dL).This also helps to evaluate the acute iron toxicity in children.It should be measured along with TIBC for evaluation of iron deficiency.It differentiates between hemochromatosis and hemosiderosis.Serum total iron helps in the diagnosis of anemia.This has no value in patients without anemia.RDW is more sensitive to the differentiation of the microcytic anemia than the macrocytic RBCs cause.Red cell distribution width (RDW) helps to classify the anemia with the help of MCV.

This is better to evaluate hypochromasia than MCH.

MCHC is also instrumental calibration, and changes occur very late in the iron-deficiency anemia when anemia is very severe.

MCH has limited value in the differential diagnosis of anemias.

The patient’s detailed clinical history for diagnosis, physical examination, signs, and symptoms with the following lab workup.

Routine workup of the patient with anemia needs:

If normal, then advise electrophoresis.

If the above two tests are low, advise Ferritin and Bone marrow examination.

This is useful for the screening of occult alcoholism.

MCV is a better choice to classify the anemias and their differentiation.

Reticulocyte count was normal at 0.5 to 1.5%.

Hematocrit when it is less than 36 to 41%.

Hemoglobin when it is less than 12 to 13 G/dL.

Laboratory Criteria for the diagnosis of Anemias:

Bone marrow failure by chemotherapy or cancer infiltrates.

α1β1 and α2β2 globin stabilize the molecule.Īnemia classification: Anemia may be classified roughly based on Hb level:ĭifferentiating points of various anemias: Characteristics findings.

This main function is with the help of hemoglobin (Hb) molecules, as the Hb molecule load and unload the O2.

When the O2 is unloaded, the β-chain of Hb has pulled apart, permitting the entry of the metabolites 2,3-DPG resulting in a lower affinity of the molecule for O2.

This is dependent upon the 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG).

The RBCs carry O2 from the lung to the tissue and bring CO2 in the venous blood to the lung.

Role of hemoglobin in O2 transport (Hb/O2 dissociation curve):